The article criticizes the widespread notion of Marxism as a philosophy of activism. A comparative analysis of Marxist philosophy and the philosophy of Russian cosmism is given. The latter, being an activist concept, is based on the opposition of activist and contemplative positions. The philosophy of Marxism is essentially a concept of co-evolution of the world and man, their co-development. Russian cosmism embraces heterogeneous trends, among which religious-philosophical and naturalistic ones are found, at the intersection of which is N. F. Fedorov, having a pantheistic character. His pantheism tried to overcome S. N. Bulgakov, based on consistently religious positions. The opposite of the concept of S. N. Bulgakov and the naturalistic concept of the noosphere V. I. Vernadsky. The author believes that the common idea for them is self-expanding to excessiveness about the opposite between spirit and matter, man and nature, soul and body, the legacy of medieval philosophy, which is laid by thinkers in the basis of the interpretation of man’s attitude to the world and which is overcome in Marxist philosophy of co-evolution.
Key words: Marxism, Russian cosmism, the concept of the noosphere, axial time, contemplation, activism, co-evolution, comparative studies, historical and
logical
Reference to article:
Prokhorov M. M. Russian cosmism, the noosphere concept аnd marxism // Ivanovo State University Bulletin. Series «The Humanities». 2020. No.1. P. 97-108.